The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has enacted significant regulations under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to address the risks associated with methylene chloride (also known as dichloromethane, DCM; CAS #75-09-2). Here's a summary of the regulations:
Ban on most consumer and commercial uses
- The EPA has finalized a rule that bans the manufacturing, processing, and distribution of methylene chloride for almost all consumer and commercial uses, including paint and coating removers.
- Consumer paint and coating removers containing methylene chloride were prohibited from manufacture, processing, and distribution for consumer use in 2019.
- Most industrial and commercial uses are prohibited after April 28, 2026.
Workplace Chemical Protection Program (WCPP)
- For the remaining allowed uses (primarily in industrial and laboratory settings), strict workplace protections are required under a Workplace Chemical Protection Program (WCPP).
- This program aims to ensure worker safety by implementing measures to reduce inhalation and dermal exposure.
- Key aspects of the WCPP include:
- Exposure limits: The EPA has established new exposure limits, significantly lower than previous OSHA standards, including an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 2 parts per million (ppm) and a 15-minute short-term exposure limit (STEL) of 16 ppm.
- Exposure monitoring: Initial and periodic monitoring of airborne methylene chloride concentrations is required.
- Exposure control plan: Employers must develop and implement a plan detailing controls to minimize exposure, including engineering controls (e.g., fume hoods) and administrative controls (e.g., restricted access).
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Specific PPE requirements, such as chemical-resistant gloves and, in some cases, supplied air respirators, are mandated.
- Training: Workers in areas where methylene chloride is used must receive training on safe handling procedures and exposure risks.